Httpd
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Contents
General
- Basically, fuck apache, nginx is WAY better
- Apache server core feeatures and directives
/sbin/apachectl
- Apache HTTP Server Control Interface- start
- stop
- restart
- fullstatus
- status
- graceful
- graceful-stop
- configtest
- stop
Map URLs to file Location
- URL mapping docs
- Set DocumentRoot
Virtual Hosts
- Virtual Host documentation
- Virtual Host examples
- "The term Virtual Host refers to the practice of running more than one web site (such as company1.example.com and company2.example.com) on a single machine. Virtual hosts can be "IP-based", meaning that you have a different IP address for every web site, or "name-based", meaning that you have multiple names running on each IP address. The fact that they are running on the same physical server is not apparent to the end user."
- VirtualHost directive
- Contains directives that apply only to a specific hostname or IP address
- Each Virtual Host must correspond to a different IP address, different port number, or a different host name for the server
- VirtualHost directive only valid in server config context, not allowed to next virtualhosts.
<VirtualHost 10.1.2.3:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@host.example.com DocumentRoot "/www/docs/host.example.com" ServerName host.example.com ErrorLog "logs/host.example.com-error_log" TransferLog "logs/host.example.com-access_log" </VirtualHost>
mod_proxy
- mod_proxy - Multi-protocol proxy/gateway server
- A reverse proxy is activated using the ProxyPass directive or the [P] flag to the RewriteRule directive
- Different from a forward proxy which is the standard thing you already know: make my ip look to the website as if it's the server's ip. Here it's make the server's ip look like the proxy's ip
Reverse Proxy directives
- <Proxy> - Container for directives applied to proxied resources. Directives placed in <Proxy> sections apply only to matching proxied content.
- ProxyPass - Maps remote servers into the local server URL-space
- This directive allows remote servers to be mapped into the space of the local server.
- The local server does not act as a proxy in the conventional sense but appears to be a mirror of the remote server.
- The local server is often called a reverse proxy or gateway.
- The path is the name of a local virtual path
- url is a partial URL for the remote server and cannot include a query string.
- You can also use a UNIX socket as a valid destination by prepending with unix:
- ProxyPassReverse - When the backend server redirects to another backend url, it will rewrite that to look like proxy url
ProxyPass "/mirror/foo/" "http://backend.example.com/" ProxyPassReverse "/mirror/foo/" "http://backend.example.com/" ProxyPassReverseCookieDomain "backend.example.com" "public.example.com" ProxyPassReverseCookiePath "/" "/mirror/foo/"
rstudio.conf example
<VirtualHost *:80> <Proxy *> Allow from localhost </Proxy> ProxyPass /rstudio/ http://localhost:8787/ ProxyPassReverse /rstudio/ http://localhost:8787/ RedirectMatch permanent ^/rstudio$ /rstudio/ </VirtualHost>
mod_rewrite
- RewriteEngine on
- Enables or disables runtime rewriting engine
- Note that rewrite configurations are not inherited by virtual hosts. This means that you need to have a RewriteEngine on directive for each virtual host in which you wish to use rewrite rules.
- RewriteBase
DocumentRoot "/var/www/example.com" AliasMatch "^/myapp" "/opt/myapp-1.2.3" <Directory "/opt/myapp-1.2.3"> RewriteEngine On RewriteBase "/myapp/" RewriteRule "^index\.html$" "welcome.html" </Directory>
- RewriteRule
- Defines rules for the rewriting engine
- Syntax:
RewriteRule Pattern Substitution [flags]
mod_alias
- RedirectMatch
- Sends an external redirect based on a regular expression match of the current URL
- syntax
RedirectMatch [status] regex URL